Which learning domain encompasses "what" information a student should learn?

The cognitive domain is the correct choice because it focuses on the mental processes involved in learning and encompasses the knowledge and intellectual skills that students are expected to acquire. This domain includes various levels of understanding, from basic facts and concepts to more complex analytical and evaluative skills. When educators design curriculum or learning objectives based on the cognitive domain, they are essentially determining the "what" of the education process—what information, theories, principles, and data the students need to learn and understand.

In contrast, the affective domain deals with emotions, attitudes, and values, tracking how students feel about what they learn, rather than the information itself. The behavioral domain focuses on observable actions and responses indicative of learning, while the psychomotor domain concerns physical skills and the ability to perform tasks. These domains play significant roles in comprehensive education, but when it comes to the specific question of "what" information is to be learned, the cognitive domain is the one that truly addresses this aspect of student learning.